Déjà inscrit(e)
| Courses | Prix | Départ | |
|---|---|---|---|
| C1 |
PRIX DE L'ILE DE HOUAT
|
13:25 | PARTANTS Parier |
| C2 |
PRIX SULON
|
13:55 | PARTANTS Parier |
| C3 |
PRIX DE LA BAIE DE SAINT BRIEUC
|
14:25 | PARTANTS Parier |
| C4 |
PRIX JEAN HUE
|
14:55 | PARTANTS Parier |
| C5 |
PRIX DE L'ASSOCIATION REVES
|
15:25 | PARTANTS Parier |
| C6 |
PRIX CHAMPAGNE A BERGERE
|
16:00 | PARTANTS Parier |
| C7 |
PRIX AL CAPONE II
|
16:30 | PARTANTS Parier |
|
|
-- |

Le lundi 09 novembre 2026, le Pronostic TOP PRONO indique à Bordeaux Le Bouscat, Chantilly, Lyon La Soie, Nantes, le Tiercé Ordre Quarté Quinté ainsi que plusieurs Trios (777.60€, 268.35€... ) |
|
Le lundi 09 novembre 2026, le Pronostic TURF SELECTION indique à Bordeaux Le Bouscat, Chantilly, Lyon La Soie, Nantes, le Tiercé Ordre Quarté Quinté ainsi que plusieurs Trios (268.35€, 234.45€... ) |
|
Détails des conditions
Jockey :
Plat - 11000€ - 1700 mètres - 11 Partants
Détails des conditions
Jockey :
Jockey : GROSBOIS CHR.
7p 6p
Jockey : BREBION TIM.
5p 8p
Jockey : D' ANDIGNE O.
6p 4p 12p
Jockey : PROTTI MAR.
9p 5p 9p 10p
Jockey : CRUBLET E.
11p 8p 4p
Jockey : LEBOUC HUG.
10p 7p
Jockey : ROUSSEL LEO
8p 7p
Jockey : TROLLEY DE PREVAUX G.
5p 5p 11p 5p
Jockey : BARON AXE.
6p 9p 9p
Jockey : GRONDIN MAE.
9p 9p
Jockey : BARILLE Y.
2p 10p 5p 6p 6p
![]() |
![]() |
||||||||||||
| 1 |
HAPPY TAJ
|
58 | 4 |
|
H2 | GROSBOIS CHR. | AUDOUIN B. | 639 € | 7p 6p | - | |||
| 2 |
KOHANA CHOP
|
54.5 | 2 |
|
H2 | BREBION TIM. | GADBIN (S) L. | 450 € | 5p 8p | - | |||
| 3 |
PEGSPACE FAL
GER
|
58 | 1 |
|
M2 | D' ANDIGNE O. | HAESMANS MME S. |
|
1 425 € | 6p 4p 12p | - | ||
| 4 |
DARSHKAN
|
56.5 | 10 |
|
M2 | PROTTI MAR. | PANTALL (S) HA. |
|
840 € | 9p 5p 9p 10p | - | ||
| 5 |
HERMES DU HAUT
|
56.5 | 9 |
|
F2 | CRUBLET E. | BRASME (S) M. | 1 890 € | 11p 8p 4p | - | |||
| 6 |
HAYA KOVA
|
56.5 | 11 |
|
F2 | LEBOUC HUG. | FOUASSIER A. | 219 € | 10p 7p | - | |||
| 7 |
ALCANE
|
56.5 | 6 |
|
F2 | ROUSSEL LEO | MENARD PIER. | 370 € | 8p 7p | - | |||
| 8 |
DESEO
IRE
|
56.5 | 5 |
|
F2 | TROLLEY DE PREVAUX G. | DONWORTH (S) TIM. |
|
2 264 € | 5p 5p 11p 5p | - | ||
| 9 |
HERHONOUR
|
56.5 | 8 |
|
F2 | BARON AXE. | PEAN (S) A. | 0 € | 6p 9p 9p | - | |||
| 10 |
WITHNEY
|
53 | 7 |
|
F2 | GRONDIN MAE. | MOSSE (S) G. | 0 € | 9p 9p | - | |||
| 11 |
OBSCURE
IRE
|
56.5 | 3 |
|
F2 | BARILLE Y. | MONFORT (S) ED. | 3 800 € | 2p 10p 5p 6p 6p | - | |||
N° ![]() |
Chevaux ![]() |
Dist. ![]() |
Poids ![]() |
Corde ![]() |
Def. ![]() |
S/A ![]() |
jockeys ![]() |
Entraineurs ![]() |
Oeil ![]() |
R/K ![]() |
Gains ![]() |
Dernières Performances ![]() |
Cotes ![]() |
|---|
Haies - 14000€ - 3600 mètres - 6 Partants
Détails des conditions
Jockey :
Jockey : BOUGON BOUGEARD ERW.
1s 1s 4h 5h 4p
Jockey : VANDAMME LUC.
2h
Jockey : RE G.
4h 4h
Jockey : COUPU A.
Ah
Jockey : GAUTRON A.
5h
Jockey : JOURNIAC THO.
6h 7h
![]() |
![]() |
||||||||||||
| 1 |
VACQUERA
|
72 |
|
F3 | BOUGON BOUGEARD ERW. | LAGENESTE & MACAIRE (S) | 20 430 € | 1s 1s 4h 5h 4p | - | ||||
| 2 |
LOVELY VANA
|
66 |
|
F3 | VANDAMME LUC. | DELAUNAY (S) J. | 3 840 € | 2h | - | ||||
| 3 |
AUDACE DU MATHAN
|
68 |
|
F3 | RE G. | CHAILLE-CHAILLE & PAMART (S) | 3 220 € | 4h 4h | - | ||||
| 4 |
NANALKO DU LIVET
|
67 |
|
F3 | COUPU A. | JUMELLE H. | 0 € | Ah | - | ||||
| 5 |
AGUILERA
|
67 |
|
F3 | GAUTRON A. | PELTIER (S) P&C. | 1 080 € | 5h | - | ||||
| 6 |
KARA LA VIE
|
66 |
|
F3 | JOURNIAC THO. | GRALL (S) E. | 360 € | 6h 7h | - | ||||
N° ![]() |
Chevaux ![]() |
Dist. ![]() |
Poids ![]() |
Corde ![]() |
Def. ![]() |
S/A ![]() |
jockeys ![]() |
Entraineurs ![]() |
Oeil ![]() |
R/K ![]() |
Gains ![]() |
Dernières Performances ![]() |
Cotes ![]() |
|---|
Plat - 7500€ - 3100 mètres - 13 Partants
Détails des conditions
Jockey :
Jockey : D' ANDIGNE O.
12p 9p 9p 1p 10p (25) 1p 2p 2p 1p 7p 1p 2p
Jockey : ROUSSEL LEO
1p 6p 4p 2p 9p 6p 10p 9p 12p (24) 12p 3p 2p
Jockey : LEBOUC HUG.
9p 1p 2p 10p 9p 11p 5p (25) 13p 12p 4p 12p 14p
Jockey : JUST S.
16p 8p 5p 1p 5p 1p 10p 9p 13p 10p 14p (25) 4p
Jockey : MENARD-LEDAUPHIN MME ANG.
3p 2p 6p 3p 9p
Jockey : SAULOUP MME COL.
(25) 2p 10p 6p 3p 9p (24) 6p 5p 6p 4p 4p 9p 1p
Jockey : BREBION TIM.
5p 4p 5p 4p 5p 3p 15p (25) 7p 7p 10p 10p 6p
Jockey : TROLLEY DE PREVAUX G.
6p 12p 8p 4p 5p 4p 5p 6p 8p 8p 12p 8p
Jockey : BARILLE Y.
13p (25) 9p 5p 1p 8p 10p (24) 1p 4p 9p 4p 1p (23) 2p
Jockey : GRONDIN MAE.
11p 14p 8p 9p (25) 13p (23) 8p 1p 9p 13p 5p (22) 10p 6p
Jockey : CRUBLET E.
(25) 12p 7p (23) 5p 4p
Jockey : BARON AXE.
8p 11p 16p 8p 8p 6p (25) 3p 2p 6p 7p 13p 13p
Jockey : GROSBOIS CHR.
2p 2p 8p 6p 5p 1p 2p 6p 10p 8p 11p (25) 13p
![]() |
![]() |
||||||||||||
| 1 |
MANSSOURIO
|
59 | 1 |
|
H6 | D' ANDIGNE O. | D' ANDIGNE E. |
|
34 945 € | 12p 9p 9p 1p 10p (25) 1p 2p 2p 1p 7p 1p 2p | - | ||
| 2 |
VALKANA
|
57.5 | 11 |
|
F5 | ROUSSEL LEO | SEIGNOUX MME V. | 19 473 € | 1p 6p 4p 2p 9p 6p 10p 9p 12p (24) 12p 3p 2p | - | |||
| 3 |
ANGE NOIR PELEM
|
57.5 | 5 |
|
F4 | LEBOUC HUG. | FOUASSIER A. | 10 297 € | 9p 1p 2p 10p 9p 11p 5p (25) 13p 12p 4p 12p 14p | - | |||
| 4 |
LELLA DESJY
|
55 | 13 |
|
F6 | JUST S. | POCHE T. |
|
26 341 € | 16p 8p 5p 1p 5p 1p 10p 9p 13p 10p 14p (25) 4p | - | ||
| 5 |
MAITRE D'AUTEUIL
|
54.5 | 6 |
|
H4 | MENARD-LEDAUPHIN MME ANG. | ORAIN A. | 4 647 € | 3p 2p 6p 3p 9p | - | |||
| 6 |
HARLEY DREAM
|
53.5 | 3 |
|
H9 | SAULOUP MME COL. | GEFFRIAUD MME S. | 26 072 € | (25) 2p 10p 6p 3p 9p (24) 6p 5p 6p 4p 4p 9p 1p | - | |||
| 7 |
NATH SHOW
IRE
|
53.5 | 12 |
|
H5 | BREBION TIM. | GOUYETTE (S) S. |
|
39 359 € | 5p 4p 5p 4p 5p 3p 15p (25) 7p 7p 10p 10p 6p | - | ||
| 8 |
JOLEK LISES
|
56 | 8 |
|
H7 | TROLLEY DE PREVAUX G. | SEIGNOUX MME V. |
|
42 591 € | 6p 12p 8p 4p 5p 4p 5p 6p 8p 8p 12p 8p | - | ||
| 9 |
NORQUI DES ROSES
|
56 | 2 |
|
H7 | BARILLE Y. | LEENDERS N. |
|
48 485 € | 13p (25) 9p 5p 1p 8p 10p (24) 1p 4p 9p 4p 1p (23) 2p | - | ||
| 10 |
CRIN NOIR
|
53.5 | 7 |
|
H7 | GRONDIN MAE. | LE GEAY D. |
|
21 175 € | 11p 14p 8p 9p (25) 13p (23) 8p 1p 9p 13p 5p (22) 10p 6p | - | ||
| 11 |
DUNARELOI
|
56 | 10 |
|
H6 | CRUBLET E. | NEY M. | 2 200 € | (25) 12p 7p (23) 5p 4p | - | |||
| 12 |
MONTE CINTO
IRE
|
56 | 9 |
|
H9 | BARON AXE. | MAHE D. | 141 097 € | 8p 11p 16p 8p 8p 6p (25) 3p 2p 6p 7p 13p 13p | - | |||
| 13 |
LILI FOR MOMS
|
55.5 | 4 |
|
F5 | GROSBOIS CHR. | AUDOUIN B. | 25 097 € | 2p 2p 8p 6p 5p 1p 2p 6p 10p 8p 11p (25) 13p | - | |||
N° ![]() |
Chevaux ![]() |
Dist. ![]() |
Poids ![]() |
Corde ![]() |
Def. ![]() |
S/A ![]() |
jockeys ![]() |
Entraineurs ![]() |
Oeil ![]() |
R/K ![]() |
Gains ![]() |
Dernières Performances ![]() |
Cotes ![]() |
|---|
Haies - 16000€ - 3800 mètres - 7 Partants
Détails des conditions
Jockey :
Jockey : GEFFROY KYL.
4h 7p 7p 4p 3p 4p (25) 2p 2p 4p 2p
Jockey : COUPU A.
6p 6p 3p 2p 4p 4h 6h (25) 7p 7p 4p
Jockey : SUISSE MLLE LÉA
3p 1p Ah (25) 7h
Jockey : JOURNIAC THO.
Jockey : RE G.
Ts 4h 1p
Jockey : CARRE DOR.
Ah (25) 12p
Jockey : VANDAMME LUC.
(25) As 5h 8h
![]() |
![]() |
||||||||||||
| 1 |
MALINE DE GRISSAY
|
63 |
|
F4 | GEFFROY KYL. | LEFEVRE (S) B. |
|
2 520 € | 4h 7p 7p 4p 3p 4p (25) 2p 2p 4p 2p | - | |||
| 2 |
MUSIC DES BRUYERES
|
66 |
|
F4 | COUPU A. | PLANQUE (S) J. | 2 730 € | 6p 6p 3p 2p 4p 4h 6h (25) 7p 7p 4p | - | ||||
| 3 |
MYMONEYDONTJIGGLE
|
63 |
|
F4 | SUISSE MLLE LÉA | BERTO M. | 5 000 € | 3p 1p Ah (25) 7h | - | ||||
| 4 |
MEKMOON
|
65 |
|
F4 | JOURNIAC THO. | D' ANDIGNE E. | 0 € | - | |||||
| 5 |
COSTA BIANCA
|
66 |
|
F4 | RE G. | CHAILLE-CHAILLE & PAMART (S) | 2 700 € | Ts 4h 1p | - | ||||
| 6 |
BAHIARY
|
63 |
|
F4 | CARRE DOR. | FOUCHER S. | 0 € | Ah (25) 12p | - | ||||
| 7 |
MIGHTY RAFFLES
|
65 |
|
F4 | VANDAMME LUC. | LE CLERC (S) A. | 585 € | (25) As 5h 8h | - | ||||
N° ![]() |
Chevaux ![]() |
Dist. ![]() |
Poids ![]() |
Corde ![]() |
Def. ![]() |
S/A ![]() |
jockeys ![]() |
Entraineurs ![]() |
Oeil ![]() |
R/K ![]() |
Gains ![]() |
Dernières Performances ![]() |
Cotes ![]() |
|---|
Plat - 14000€ - 2400 mètres - 14 Partants
Détails des conditions
Jockey :
Jockey : TROLLEY DE PREVAUX G.
2p 3p
Jockey : D' ANDIGNE O.
4p 5p 8p
Jockey : VANDAMME LUC.
2p
Jockey : BARILLE Y.
3p
Jockey : ROUSSEL LEO
8p 4p 6p
Jockey : LEBOUC HUG.
4p
Jockey : JOURNIAC THO.
7p
Jockey : MENARD-LEDAUPHIN MME ANG.
13p
Jockey : GROSBOIS CHR.
Jockey : PROTTI MAR.
Jockey : SUISSE MLLE LÉA
Jockey : COUPU A.
Jockey : BARON AXE.
Jockey : JUST S.
![]() |
![]() |
||||||||||||
| 1 |
NUNCASINTI D'ALESA
|
69 | 2 |
|
F3 | TROLLEY DE PREVAUX G. | DELAUNAY (S) J. | 4 900 € | 2p 3p | - | |||
| 2 |
NOSTALGIE
|
67 | 1 |
|
F3 | D' ANDIGNE O. | HAYERES MME F. | 2 040 € | 4p 5p 8p | - | |||
| 3 |
NEBULEUSE DE MEE
|
67 | 3 |
|
F3 | VANDAMME LUC. | DELAUNAY (S) J. | 2 800 € | 2p | - | |||
| 4 |
NORMA ROYALE
|
67 | 4 |
|
F3 | BARILLE Y. | CARBERRY (S) L. | 2 100 € | 3p | - | |||
| 5 |
NAIROBI CHABA
|
66 | 8 |
|
F3 | ROUSSEL LEO | PELTIER (S) P&C. |
|
1 675 € | 8p 4p 6p | - | ||
| 6 |
NADZIEJA
|
66 | 7 |
|
F3 | LEBOUC HUG. | LEFEUVRE (S) A. | 1 400 € | 4p | - | |||
| 7 |
NEW DEFI
|
65 | 10 |
|
F3 | JOURNIAC THO. | JOURNIAC P. | 0 € | 7p | - | |||
| 8 |
NITOUCHE SIVOLA
|
63.5 | 6 |
|
F3 | MENARD-LEDAUPHIN MME ANG. | VIEL (S) L&M. | 0 € | 13p | - | |||
| 9 |
NALYA DES PINS
|
63 | 11 |
|
F3 | GROSBOIS CHR. | AUDOUIN B. | 0 € | - | ||||
| 10 |
NEFERTITI
|
63 | 13 |
|
F3 | PROTTI MAR. | MELE (S) D. | 0 € | - | ||||
| 11 |
NAIADE D'AINAY
|
61.5 | 12 |
|
F3 | SUISSE MLLE LÉA | NADOT M. | 0 € | - | ||||
| 12 |
NEIPA
|
64 | 9 |
|
F3 | COUPU A. | JUMELLE H. | 0 € | - | ||||
| 13 |
NOISETTE MOME
|
63 | 5 |
|
F3 | BARON AXE. | NEY M. | 0 € | - | ||||
| 14 |
NATURALLY DORRELLS
|
63 | 14 |
|
F3 | JUST S. | POCHE T. | 0 € | - | ||||
N° ![]() |
Chevaux ![]() |
Dist. ![]() |
Poids ![]() |
Corde ![]() |
Def. ![]() |
S/A ![]() |
jockeys ![]() |
Entraineurs ![]() |
Oeil ![]() |
R/K ![]() |
Gains ![]() |
Dernières Performances ![]() |
Cotes ![]() |
|---|
Steeple-Chase - 16000€ - 3600 mètres - 9 Partants
Détails des conditions
Jockey :
Jockey : RE G.
1s 2s (25) Ah 1h 1h 2h 4h 2p
Jockey : DEFONTAINE Q.
1s Ah 10h 6h 2h 4h (25) As Ah 4h 2h 4h 1h
Jockey : MICHEL KIL.
2s 4h Ah 8h 6p
Jockey : DELEPINE Y.
2s 2s 3h
Jockey : VANDAMME LUC.
5s Th 6h
Jockey : SUISSE MLLE LÉA
As 4s 1h 1h 3h 2h (25) 9h 6p 4p
Jockey : ZULIANI M.
6h 3h
Jockey : JOURNIAC THO.
6h 1h 3h 4h 4h 3h (25) 5p
Jockey : LEBRUN J. S.
2h 6h
![]() |
![]() |
||||||||||||
| 1 |
STAR CARIBEAN
|
71 |
|
H4 | RE G. | CHAILLE-CHAILLE & PAMART (S) | 34 835 € | 1s 2s (25) Ah 1h 1h 2h 4h 2p | - | ||||
| 2 |
SAINT GENY
|
70 |
|
H4 | DEFONTAINE Q. | QUINTON (S) P. |
|
69 820 € | 1s Ah 10h 6h 2h 4h (25) As Ah 4h 2h 4h 1h | - | |||
| 3 |
MUSTANG
|
65 |
|
H4 | MICHEL KIL. | GRALL (S) E. | 6 090 € | 2s 4h Ah 8h 6p | - | ||||
| 4 |
MYRTILLE DU LARGE
|
65 |
|
F4 | DELEPINE Y. | DELAUNAY (S) J. | 10 160 € | 2s 2s 3h | - | ||||
| 5 |
JOSHUA'SDREAM
|
66 |
|
H4 | VANDAMME LUC. | SOURDEAU DE BEAUREGARD D. |
|
1 350 € | 5s Th 6h | - | |||
| 6 |
MAJOR DU LARGE
|
64 |
|
H4 | SUISSE MLLE LÉA | GRALL (S) E. | 26 660 € | As 4s 1h 1h 3h 2h (25) 9h 6p 4p | - | ||||
| 7 |
PROVOKATEUR
|
65 |
|
H4 | ZULIANI M. | MELE (S) D. | 7 320 € | 6h 3h | - | ||||
| 8 |
MON BONHEUR
|
66 |
|
H4 | JOURNIAC THO. | JOURNIAC P. | 27 530 € | 6h 1h 3h 4h 4h 3h (25) 5p | - | ||||
| 9 |
MISS GREEN FEVER
|
65 |
|
F4 | LEBRUN J. S. | JOURNIAC P. | 5 970 € | 2h 6h | - | ||||
N° ![]() |
Chevaux ![]() |
Dist. ![]() |
Poids ![]() |
Corde ![]() |
Def. ![]() |
S/A ![]() |
jockeys ![]() |
Entraineurs ![]() |
Oeil ![]() |
R/K ![]() |
Gains ![]() |
Dernières Performances ![]() |
Cotes ![]() |
|---|
Steeple-Chase - 16000€ - 4200 mètres - 8 Partants
Détails des conditions
Jockey :
Jockey : GEFFROY KYL.
2s (25) As As 9h 4s 1s 4s 3s (24) 7s 2s 4h 1h
Jockey : VANDAMME LUC.
4s 2s 2h As Ts 8s (25) 1s 1s 3h 2h
Jockey : LEBRUN J. S.
3s 2h (25) 7s 1s (24) 4h 8h 3h 2h
Jockey : JOURNIAC THO.
11h 2h (25) 12h (24) 5s 1h 1s 2h 1s 1h
Jockey : DEFONTAINE Q.
(25) 2s 2c 5s Ts As (24) 2s (23) 6p Ts 1s Ts (22) Ah As
Jockey : MICHEL KIL.
5s Ts 7s Ts 7s 5s (25) Ah 3h 4h 3h 8h
Jockey : DELEPINE Y.
(24) 6s 8h
Jockey : GAUTRON A.
7h As 4s Ah (23) 1h 1h Ah 11p 7p
![]() |
![]() |
||||||||||||
| 1 |
KASADEPAPEL
|
72 |
|
H6 | GEFFROY KYL. | CARBERRY (S) L. | 78 625 € | 2s (25) As As 9h 4s 1s 4s 3s (24) 7s 2s 4h 1h | - | ||||
| 2 |
NOTHING EYE'S
|
72 |
|
H5 | VANDAMME LUC. | DELAUNAY (S) J. | 36 000 € | 4s 2s 2h As Ts 8s (25) 1s 1s 3h 2h | - | ||||
| 3 |
WORTH IT
|
70 |
|
H6 | LEBRUN J. S. | LOTOUT A. | 27 545 € | 3s 2h (25) 7s 1s (24) 4h 8h 3h 2h | - | ||||
| 4 |
PETIT TRUC
|
68 |
|
H6 | JOURNIAC THO. | LEFEUVRE (S) A. | 37 110 € | 11h 2h (25) 12h (24) 5s 1h 1s 2h 1s 1h | - | ||||
| 5 |
ILICO DE CHENEAU
|
69 |
|
H8 | DEFONTAINE Q. | HERPIN (S) CH. |
|
17 535 € | (25) 2s 2c 5s Ts As (24) 2s (23) 6p Ts 1s Ts (22) Ah As | - | |||
| 6 |
LA LUNE ROUSSE
|
63 |
|
F5 | MICHEL KIL. | GRALL (S) E. | 9 860 € | 5s Ts 7s Ts 7s 5s (25) Ah 3h 4h 3h 8h | - | ||||
| 7 |
KOMEKAT
|
64 |
|
F6 | DELEPINE Y. | D' ANDIGNE E. | 0 € | (24) 6s 8h | - | ||||
| 8 |
KENIE DU BOULAY
|
66 |
|
F6 | GAUTRON A. | LEFEVRE (S) B. |
|
22 680 € | 7h As 4s Ah (23) 1h 1h Ah 11p 7p | - | |||
N° ![]() |
Chevaux ![]() |
Dist. ![]() |
Poids ![]() |
Corde ![]() |
Def. ![]() |
S/A ![]() |
jockeys ![]() |
Entraineurs ![]() |
Oeil ![]() |
R/K ![]() |
Gains ![]() |
Dernières Performances ![]() |
Cotes ![]() |
|---|
Concours de Pronostics TURF FR
CLASSEMENT DU CONCOURS TURF FR
Pseudo
T
Q
Q+
Points
1
Dolly
8
6
5
1 957,90 pts
2
CANARD-TURF
8
5
3
1 868,50 pts
3
Sambilo
8
6
4
1 768,80 pts
4
Baccarat
7
5
5
1 684,30 pts
5
Garance
8
4
4
1 666,80 pts
6
iouston62
8
6
5
1 662,00 pts
7
Christian.
8
4
4
1 661,70 pts
8
Said2026
8
5
3
1 653,20 pts
Voir tout
Avant de publier votre commentaire
Choisissez un pseudo TURF FR
Ce Pseudo existe déjà
Le format du pseudo n'est pas correct.
Votre pseudo doit être comprit entre 3 et 10 caractères et contenir des chiffres, des lettres ou le '-'